Integrated coverage of embryology, anatomy, histology, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Each module includes core topics, high‑yield subtopics, and clinical correlations for Step 1 mastery.
Kidney development (pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros), ureteric bud, cloaca, congenital anomalies (horseshoe kidney, duplex collecting system, posterior urethral valves).
Explore module →Kidney position and relations, ureter, bladder, urethra, renal vasculature, retroperitoneal structures.
Explore module →Nephron structure (glomerulus, tubules, collecting duct), juxtaglomerular apparatus, urothelium.
Explore module →GFR, tubular function, countercurrent system, RAAS, ADH, aldosterone, acid‑base handling, potassium homeostasis.
Explore module →Glomerular diseases (nephrotic/nephritic syndromes), tubulointerstitial diseases, cystic diseases, urinary tract obstruction, nephrolithiasis, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, acute and chronic kidney disease.
Explore module →Diuretics, ACE inhibitors/ARBs, drugs affecting uric acid, BPH drugs, overactive bladder medications.
Explore module →